Tolle Lege: An Augustinian Journal of Philosophy and Theology

This study explores the philosophical distinctions between Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Human Intelligence (HI), critically examining their nature, capabilities, and limitations through a qualitative analysis. While AI has made significant advancements in performing tasks traditionally requiring human cognition, such as learning, decision-making, and problem-solving, it remains fundamentally different from HI. Unlike humans, AI lacks consciousness, selfawareness, and emotional depth, which are central to human experience and intelligence. The study delves into philosophical perspectives on AI's potential for self-awareness, examining key concepts such as the Turing Test, the Chinese Room Argument, and the Hard Problem of Consciousness. Besides, the epistemological limitations of AI, particularly in relation to knowledge and subjective experience, are analyzed through qualitative frameworks. The ethical and existential implications of AI’s integration into society are discussed, focusing on autonomy, moral responsibility, and the future of human identity in a world where AI may surpass human intelligence in certain domains. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for responsible AI development that preserves human dignity and agency while addressing the profound societal and philosophical challenges AI presents.

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