Tolle Lege: An Augustinian Journal of Philosophy and Theology

In an era where Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into legal systems globally, the imperative to protect human rights and ensure fairness in legal decision-making becomes more pressing, particularly in developing nations like Nigeria. This paper explores the intersection of AI, human rights, and justice delivery within the Nigerian legal context. The aim is to critically assess the implications of AI adoption on legal fairness and the protection of fundamental rights, while proposing frameworks for responsible and equitable AI use in the justice sector. The central problem addressed is the potential erosion of due process, bias in algorithmic decision-making, lack of transparency, and inadequate regulatory frameworks in Nigeria, which pose risks to fair legal outcomes and the protection of individual rights. The study adopts a doctrinal legal research. Findings reveal that while AI has the potential to improve efficiency and consistency in the legal system, Nigeria currently lacks the technological infrastructure, ethical harness AI without compromising fundamental rights. The paper therefore recommends the development of a comprehensive AI legal framework, the establishment of independent oversight bodies, capacity building for legal professionals, and public awareness campaigns. Ultimately, it concludes that the integration of AI in Nigeria’s legal system must prioritise transparency, accountability, and the safeguarding of human dignity to avoid replicating or reinforcing systemic injustices. Only through a balanced and rights-focused approach can AI become a tool for equitable justice in Nigeria.

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